Calculator or register.



S. E. CARI-IN.

CALCULATOR OR REGISTER. APPLICATION FILED mm. '1, 1900.

1,033,303. Patented Ju1y23, 1912.

l l 1o STATES "PATENT OFFICE.

SAIUEL E. CABLlR, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSIGIN'OB, BY MESNE ASSIGNMENTS, '10 UNDERWOOD TYPEWRITER COMPANY, 01 NEW YORK, N. Y., A CORPORATION OF new mnsn 'r.

Specification 0t Lettenfn'tbnt.

CALCULATOR OR REGISTER.

Patented July 23, 1912.

Application filed September 7, 1909. Serial no. 516,574.

To all whom it 'may concern.-

Be it known that I, SAMUEL E. CQRLIN,

a citizen of the United States, residing at Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented certainnew and useful Improvements in Calculators or Registers, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to algebraic 'registers or calculators adapted to register negative and positive amounts ordebits and credits indiscriminately, show the correct resultant, and indicate whether the resultant is negative or positive, or debit or credit in character. j 1 V In a machine of this character, the passage of the operation through the zero point would result in an error'of one on the digit wheel of the lowest order. In some instances it has been proposed to correct such error by automatically imparting one step to such wheel. The object of this invention is to correct such error automatically without necessarily changing the position of the lowest order wheel.

A further object is to provide improved means for locking the index against movement in one direction until all of the digit a predetermined position bearing members of one series have assumed with respect to eachpther.

A further object is to provide improved means for carrying from one of the digit bearing members to another.

A further object is to provide an im proved device of this character which will be simple in construction and efiective and eficient in operation.

To the attainment of these ends and the accomplishment ofother new and useful objects, as will appear, the invention consists in the features of novelty in the construction, combination and arrangement of tilt several parts hereinafter more fully described and claimed and shown in the accompanying drawing illustrating an embodiment of the invention, and in which- Figure l'is a sectional new on line 1-1 of Fig. 3 of an improved calculator or register of this character constructed in accordance with the principles of this invention. Fig. 2 is a diagrammatic plan view of F ig. 1, showing the ndex or shield Fig,

'' 3 is adetail top plan view at the digit hearing members and carrying mechanism with the index'or shield removed. Fig. 4 is a detail, elevation partly in section of the mechanism for shifting the index or shield. Fig. 5 -is a detail view taken on line 55 of Fig. 1. Fig. 6 is a diagrammatic view of the mechanism for carrying from one of the digit bearing members to another. Fig. 7 is a detailview of a portion of the shifting mechanism for the index-or shield show ing the manner oflocking the index against movement in one direction.

In the exemplification of the invention shown in the drawing the calculator or register comprises a plurality of series of digit bearing members 10, 11, respectively mounted upon suit-able supports 12, 13 in the form of axles about which. the members freely rotate. These axles 12 and 13 have bearings in suitable supports 14, 15, and are arranged parallel and in proximity to each other.

The respective digit bearing members 10, 11 of the series are arranged in pairs and each member of the pair is provided with a series of characters 16 indicating digits.

bearing members is distinguished from the characters on the other member of therespective pairs in any suitable manner, preferably by means of a different color and the digits on the members of the respective pairs are arranged to progress successively from 1 to zero, and in opposite directions.

Thedigit bearing members of the respective pairs are preferably arranged in close proximity to each other and within the same vertical plane. Secured-to each of the digit bearing members of one series, preferably the series 10, is a gear 17, which rotates with the respective member, and secured i'fl each of the gears 17 and for rotation therewith a notch 19 opening through the periphery thereof for a purpose to be set forth. Securedto each of the digit bearing memhers 11 of the other series and arranged on the side of the respective members corresponding to the side of the members 10 on which the gears 17 are arranged, are gears 20 which are secured for rotation with the members 11. x,l'secured to all of the dig t b ari m ber 11 o h series with h exce tion of the units member and arranged. on e side of t espect e embe s .1 oppos e the side n i h e gea s 20 a arrangedisa gear 21 similar to the gears The characters 16 on one of the series of digit p with is a disk 18, each of which is provided Mounted loosely upon a support 22 in the form of an axle, the ends of which have bearings in suitable supports, preferably the supports 15;-.-;:are a serles of gears 23. The axle or support 22 is preferably located below and between the axles or'supports 12, 13, and each of the gears 23 meshes with the gears 17, 20 of the respective pairs of digit spaced from its respective gear 23 and is located in such a position with respect to the gear 21 on the next adjacent diglt bear: ing member 11 that upon the completion of one cycle of movement of the gear 23 the tooth 25 011 the gear 24 will mesh with the respective gear 21 and move said gear together with the digit bearing member 11 one step of rotation to carry from one of the digit bearing members to the next adjacent member.

The one tooth 25 of each of the gears 24 is so arranged with relation to its respective digit bearing member 10 that when the member 10 crosses the zero point, the tooth 25 will be in a position to impart movement to the gear 22 of the series of members 11' of the next adjacent pair and as this digit member 11 is rotated one step, it will in turn impart such movement to the digit bearing member of the series 10 of the next higher order through the medium of the gear 20 on the member 11, which meshes with the gear 23 and which gear in turn meshes with the gear 17 on the respective member 10 to carry from one of the digit bearing members of the series 10 to the next adjacent member.

In order to direct the attention of the operator to the proper series of digits in which the amount is registered on the calculator, there is provided an adjustable index, pref erably in the form of a shield 26, having two slots or openings 27, 28, therein adapted to register respectively with slots or openings r29, 30 in the top 31 of an inclosing casing.

The index or shield 26 is adapted to move in suitable guides 32 and the slots 27, 28 in the shield are so arranged that when one of the slots registers with its respective slot 29, 30 in the casing 31, it will assume a position to expose one of the digits on the respective series. of digit bearing members 10, 11 and the other slot in the shield will assume a posi-.

tion out of register with its respective slot in the top of the casing 31 so as to conceal the digits on the other series of digit bearing members, as shown more clearly in Fig. 1.

This shield or index is adapted 'to be automatically shifted from one position to the other so as to indicate the respective series of digits according to whether the amount indicated or registered is a debit or credit, this distinction being indicated in the present exemplification of the invention by the different colors of the digits on the res ective "series of digit bearing members. ny suitable means may be provided for thus shifting the shield, and a suitable and efiicient means for accomplishing this purpose will now be described.

Journaled preferably in the supports 15 and arranged to extend between the series of digit bearing members is a rock shaft 33, and secured to this shaft are dogs 34. One of these dogs is provided for each' of the disks 18 and are arranged to extend over the respective disks. These dogs are secured by one extremity to the rock shaft 33 and the free extremity of each is provided with anose or depending portion 35.

adapted to enter the notch 19 in the periphery of the disk. These dogs are all rigidly secured to the shaft 33 so that when one of the dogs is shifted all will move out of or into the notches'in the respective disks 18. An elastic member 36, such as a spring or the like, may be provided which tends normally to hold the free ends of the dogs I against the peripheries of the disks and to seat the extremities 35 in the notches 19 when the latter are in positions to receive such extremities.

When motion is imparted to one of the digit bearing members, the disk 18 will also be moved and the extremity 35 of the respective dog 34 will be forced out of the notch 19. This movement of one of the dogs will rock all of the dogs to release all of the digit bearing members of the series and when the notch has passed out of position to receive the extremity of the dog, said extremity will engage and rest upon the periphery of the disk and will remain in. this position until the notches 19 in all of the disks 18 have assumed positions to receive extremities 35 thereof is an oscillating shift- I ing member 37, the body portion of which is provided with an aperture 38, and extending beyond one end are deflected fingers 39, 40. The outermost dogs 34 are each provided with a laterally projecting pin or lug 41, which is adapted to enter the aperture 38 of the respective members 37 and thereby pivotally connect the members with the dogs. One extremity of each of the members 37 projects above the dogs 34' and passes through a suitable. aperture or opening 42 in the shield or index 26, so that when the dogs 34 rise and fall, the member 37 will slide through the respective openings 42. When the members 37 are oscillated or rocked about their points of pivotal support 41, the shield or index 26 will be moved or shifted in the guides 32 in either direction to cause one or the other of the slots 27, 28 to expose the digits of the respective series, according to the direction of oscillation. or movement of the member 3 7. The fingers 39, 40 of the members 37 stand astride of a laterally projecting lug or extension 43 on the respective disks 18 and these fingers are so arranged that as soon as the disk", 18 begin to move to the right from the position shown in Fig. 1 after the dogs have been raised, the projections 43 will engagethe detent &0 to rock the members 37 and thereby shift the shield or index. As the projection 43 engages and moves the finger 40, it will shift it out of the path of movement of the projection to permit the disk to turn, and at the same time the other finger 39 will be caused to assume a position within the path of the return movement of the projection 43 when the disk is moved in the opposite direction.

In the operation of the calculator or register, especially in bookkeeping and in devices where each of the number bearing members are provided with two series of digits progressing successively in opposite directions, it is essential that the number bearing members be operated in both directions, that is, in one direction for the debits and the opposite direction for the credits, so as to be able to accumulate a series of what might be termed plus or minus figures indicating debits or credits without regard to the order in which they might happen to occur. This result is accomplished in the present invention by means of the two series of digit bearing members, which series are arranged in pairs, the digit bearing members of the respective pairs wiil always operate in the same direction with relation to each other and the result will be'accomplished by providing the two series of digits, one on each of the members of the pair, the digits on both members progressing successively from 1 to zero but arrangedto progress in opposite directions.

During theoperatioinof subtracting a larger from a smaller, it is vnecessary to borrow one number or unit from the next number or unit contiguous to the number subtracted. :In the ordinary operation of subtracting, the borrowingis effected from right to left, and inasmuch as the units on the left are always ten times as great as those of the number which is subtracted, there is always a surplus on.the left from which to borrow, but in the operation of this invention, the register is actuated from left to right, and consequently, when subtracting a large number from a smaller number,

the borrowing has to take place from left to right, and instead of the units on the right of the number subtracted being ten times as great as the number subtracted, they are only one-tenth as large, and as a consequence,

when the last order of units isreached, go-

ing toward the left, a discrepancy of one unitor cent results, because of the unit borrowed therefrom. Inorder to automati-- cally correct this discrepancy, it. is necessary to provide for or take care of this unit or cent. This is accomplished by advancing or setting forward the digits on one of the digit bearing members of the pair indicating units one digit with relation to the zero point of the remaining digit'bearing members of the same series, so that th product of the digits, when in reading position, on the respective pairs ofall of the digit bearing members, with the'exception of the pair indicating units, will be 9, while the sum of the corresponding digits on the pair of members indicating units will be 10.

With this improved construction it will be seen that when the dogs 34 are shifted to move the shield or index 26, the dogs will be locked against return movement to retain the shield or index in its adjusted position until the notches 19 inall of the disks 18 are in line, which occurs only when the digit bearing members are at zero, at which time the'elastic member 36 will cause the dogs to move into the notches.

I do not "claim in this-present application the invention which is shown herein and claimed broadly in my application Serial Number 302,845, but reserve such broad invention and the claims therefor for the prior application here indicated.

That is claimed as new is:

1. A register embodying an element comprising two digit or ordinal wheels of the same order, operatively connected together, and another element comprising an index for indicating the digit to be considered on either of said wheels, one of said elements being shiftable whereby the indication of the index is changed from one of said wheels to the other, and means operatively related to one of said wheels for thus shifting said shiftable element.

2. A register embodying a plurality of separate digit bearing members arranged to operate in pairs, each of the members of the respective pairs being provided with a series of digits, the digits on the members of each pair of members progressing successively in opposite directions.

3. A register embodying a plurality of separate digit bearing members arranged to operate in pairs, the members of each pair being provided with duplicate cooperating series of digits, one of the series of digits being distinguished from the other series ofdigits' of, the same pair,

4. A register embodying a plurality of separate digit bearing members arranged to operate in pairs, the members of each pair being provided with duplicate cooperating series of digits, one of the series of digits being distinguished from the other series of digits of the same pair, and an index for indicating the series to be read.

5. A register embodying a plurality of separate digit bearing members arranged to operate in pairs and provided with duplicate cooperating series of digits progressing successively in opposite directions. each of the members of the respective pairs being provided with one of the series of digits, the series on one of the members of each pair being distinguished from the series on the other member of the same pair.

6. A register embodying a plurality of series of separate digit bearing members arranged to operate in pairs and in the same direction, the members of the respective pairs being provided with duplicate coopcrating series ofdigits, the digits on one of the members of each pair being distinguished from the digits on the other member of the same pair, and means for indicating the series to be read.

7. A register embodying a pair of separate cooperating digit bearing members. and an operative connection between said members whereby the operation of one of the members will simultaneously 'operate the other member, said members being provided with duplicate series of digits progressing in opposite directions, each of the members being provided with one of the series of digits.

8. A register embodying a pair of separate and cooperating digit bearing members rotatable about different axes, said members being provided with duplicate series of digits progressing successively in opposite directions, one of the series being located on each of said members.

9. A register embodying a pair of separate and cooperating digit bearing members rotatable about different axes, said members being provided with duplicate series of digits progressing successively in opposite directions, one of the series being located on each ofsaid members.

10. A register embodying a pair of separate and cooperating digit bearing members rotatable about different axes, said members being provided with duplicate series of digits progressing successively in opposite direct-ions, one of the series being located on each of said members, one of the series of digits being distinguished from the other.

11. A register embodying a pair of separate and cooperating digit bearing members rotatable about different axes, said members being provided with duplicate series of digits progressing successively in opposite directions, oneof the series being located on each of said members, and an in-' dex for indicating the series to be read.

12. A register embodying a pair of separate and cooperaitn di'gitbearing members rotatable about diflerent axes, said members being provided with duplicate series of digits progressing successively in opposite directions, one of the series being located on-each of said members, an index for indicating the series to be read, and means for automatically shifting said index.

13. A register embodying a pair of separate and coiiperating digit bearing members rotatable about different axes, said members being provided with duplicate series of digits progressing successively in opposite directions, one of the series being located on each of said members, an index for indicating the series to be read, means-for automatically shifting said index in one direction and locking the index in its adjusted position, and means for returning the index.

14. A register embodying digit bearing members for registering an amount, said members being arranged to operate in pairs, the members of each pair being provided with duplicate series of digits for registering a number, the digits bn one of the members of one pair being so disposed with relation to the digits on the other member of the same pair that when any two digits on the pair of members are added together when in reading position will make ten, and the digits on the respective members of the remaining pair or pairs being so disposed with relation to each other that when added together when in reading position will make nine.

15. A register embodying digit bearing members for registering an amount, said members being arranged to operate in pairs, the members of each pair being provided with duplicate series of digits for registering a number, the digits on one of the members of one pair being so disposed with relation to the digits on the other member of the same pair that when any two digits on the pair of members are added together whenin reading position will make ten, and the digits on the respective members of the remaining pair or pairs being so disposed with relation to each other that when added togetherwhen in reading position will make nine, and an index for indicating the series to be read.

16. A register embodying digit bearing members for registering an amount, said members being arranged to operate in pairs and rotatable about different axes, the members of each pair being provided with duplicate series of digits for registering a number, the digits on one of the members of one pair being so disposed with relation to the seesaw digits onithe other that when any two digit-s 'ongthe-ipair-z f. members are added together: when in readand an index for indicating the series to be read.

members for registering anamount, sai

members being arranged to operate in pairs, and rotatable about difi'erent axes, means connecting the members of each pair for simultaneous operation, the members of each pair being provided with duplicate seriesof' digits for registering a number, the digits on one of the members of one air being so disposed with relation to the digits on the other member of the same pair that when any two digits on the pair of members are added togetherfwhen in reading position will make ten, and the digits-on the respective members of the remaining pair or pairs being so disposed with relation to each other that when added together when in readingposition will make nine.

18. A register embodying digit bearing members for registering an amount, said members being arranged to operate in pairs, and rotatable about difierent axes, means connecting the members of each pair for simultaneous operation and in the same direction, the members of each pair beingprd Vided with duplicate series of digits for registering a number, the digits on one of the members of one pair being so disposed with relation to the digits on the other member of the same pair'that when any two digits on the pair of members are added together when in reading position will make ten, and the digits on the respective members of the remaining pair or pairs being so disposed with relation to each other that when added together when in reading position will make nine. 1

19. A register embodying digit bearing members for registering an amount, sai members being arranged to operate in pairs,- the respective members of eachpair being rotatable about difierent'axes the members of each pair being provided with duplicate series of cobperating digits progressing successively in opposite directions, each member of'the respective pairs being provided with one of said series, the digits on one member of one air'being so disposed with relation to the digits on the other member of,

the same-pair that when any two digits'of both series are addedtogether when inreading position will make ten, and the digits of the respective series on ,the remaining pair or pairs vof members being so disposed'with 17. A register embodying digit bearing added together when in reading .20.'A register embodying digit bearing members for registering an amount, sai

the res ective members of each pair being rotatab e about different axes the members on the members or thasame together when'in reading posit on W ll lltl lm nine. 4

membersbeing arranged to operate in nairs,

of each pair being provided with duplicate series of cooperat ng digits progressing $110." cessi-vely 1n opposite directions,ieach.member of the respective pairs being-provided with one of said series, the digits onone member of one pair being so disposed-s with relation to the digits on the other member of the same pair that whenany two digits of bothseries are added together when in rea positionwill make ten, and the digits of the respective series on the remaining pair or pairs ofmembers being so disposed with reg-lationto each other that when any two digits on the members of the; same pair are position will make nine, and an index for lnolicatmg the series of digits to be read.

21.-A registerembodying two'separa-te series of character bearing members forregis tering an amount by the characters thereon,

said series being rotatable about -di-fierent axes, each pair of membersbearing a dupli cate 'set of characters, one of said sets being arranged on each of the members of the respective pairs, each series of said. sets of characters representing zero andv the nine :digits, the zero characters on one pair of said members being arranged to simultaneously assume a reading position, and the zero character and nine character respectively on the members of the-remaining pair or pairs of members bein arranged to simultaneously assume a rea position.

22. A register embodying twoseparate series of character bearing members for registering an amount'by the characters thereon, said series being rotatable about difierent axes, each pair of members bearing a duplicate set of characters, one of said sets being arranged on each of the members of the respective pairs, each series of saidsets of characters representing zero and the nine digits, the zero characters on. one pair of said members being arrangedto simultaneously assume a reading position, and the zero character and nine character: respectively on the members ofthe remaining pair orv pairs of members being arranged to simultaneously assume av reading position, an indicator for indicating the characters to be read, and means for shifting said indicator when the registration passes the zero point.

23. A. register embodying two separate series of character bearing members for registering an amount by the characters thereon,,sa1d series being rotatable about different axes, eachfpair of members bearing a duplicate set of characters, one of said sets being arranged on each of the members, of the respective pairs, each series of said sets of characters representing zero and the nine digits, the zero characters on one pair of said members being arranged to simultaneously" assume a reading position, and the zero character and nine character respectively on the members of the remaining pair or pairs of members being arranged to simultaneously assume a reading position, a movable index for indicating the character or characters to be read, and means operatively connecting said index with one of said members for shifting the index when theregistration passes the zero point of the register. 1 L

24. A register embodying two separate series of character bearing members for reg istering an amount by the characters thereon, said series being rotatable about difi erent axes, each pair of members bearing a duplicate set of characters, one of said sets being arranged on each of the members of the respective pairs, each series of said sets of characters representing zero and the nine digits, the zero characters on one pair of:

said members being arranged to simultaneously assume a reading position, and the zero character and nine character respectively on the members of the remaining pair or pairs of members being arranged to simultaneously assume a reading position, a

movable index for indicating the character or characters to be read, means operatively connecting said index with oneof said members for shifting the index when the registration passes the zero point of the register and locking the index in its adjusted position, and means for returning the index when the digit bearing members of one series assume predetermined positions with respect to each other.

25. A register comprising two series of movable number bearing members, said series being rotatable about difiere'nt axes, the respective members of the series being arranged to operate in pairs, each pair of members corresponding to difierent arithmetical orders respectively, an operating gear for each of the members, a gear connecting the gears of the respective members of the pairs to cause said members to operate in unison, an additional operating gear for each of the said members of one of the series of members of all of the pairs with the exception of the pair of members indieating units, and a one-tooth gear connected for operation with each of the said connecting gears and adapted to engage the said additional gear of the next adjacent digit bearing member of a higher order to move the latter one step of rotation.

26. A register comprising two series of movable number bearing members, said series being rotatable about difierent axes, the'respective members of the series being arranged to operate in pairs, each pair of members corresponding to different arithmetical orders respectively, an operating gear for each of the members, a gear connecting the gears of the respective members of the pairs to cause said members to operate in unison, an additional operating gear 'for each of the said members of one of the series of members of all of the pairs with the exception of the pair of members indicating units, a one-tooth gear connected for operationwith each of the said connecting gears and adapted to engage the said ad ditional gear of the next adjacent digit bearing member of a higher order to move the latter one step of rotation, a movable index for indicating the series of digits to be read, and an operative connection between one of said digit bearing members and the index for shifting the latter when the digit bearing member of the highest order crosses the zero point.

27. A register embodying separate digit bearing members rotatable about difierent axes and each being provided with a series of digits, and an index shiftable from one of the series to the other.

28. A register'e'mbodying separate digit bearing members rotatable about difierent axes and each being provided with a series of digits, an index for indicating the series to be read, and means for shifting the index.

29. A register embodying separate digit bearing members rotatable about different axes and each being provided with a series of digits, an index for indicating the series to be read, and means for automatically shifting the index.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification, in the presence of two subscribing'witnesses, on this 1st day of September A. D. 1909.

SAMUEL E. OARLIN.

Witnesses:

CHARLES H. SEEM, J. H. JooHUM, Jr. 

